The lake's depth and high concentration of salt give the water a vivid turquoise colour.
The high concentration of salt was probably the result of evaporation, Dr. Ryan said.
Now we know that birds avoid it because the concentration of salt kills off virtually all marine life.
"What we discovered is an extremely strange fact: You need a small concentration of salt to produce ripples," he said.
Upper effluent always presented a concentration of salt lower than 30 ppm.
As the water level shrank from a depth of 53m to 30m and retreated 100km from the shore, the concentration of salt killed most remaining wildlife.
In some areas, the concentration of salt is now eight times as high as that in seawater.
Because of the high concentration of salt in the unusually buoyant water, the vessel needs constant maintenance.
The higher concentration of salt solution was, the more serious damage of pore structure was.
These variables were the type of membrane solvent, applied extraction voltage, extraction time, pH range, and concentration of salt added.
Extraction parameters such as extraction time, applied voltage, pH range, and concentration of salt added were optimized.
