To investigate whether a patient's propofol effect-site concentration at return to consciousness (ROC) was related to the propofol effect-site concentration at loss of consciousness (LOC) and to patients' individual demographic parameters.
To investigate sevoflurane blood concentrations on loss of consciousness during single-breath induction and ensuing tidal volume ventilation.
Single vital-capacity breathing of a high concentration of inspiratory sevoflurane rapidly elevates the end-tidal concentration to cause loss of consciousness, although it does not bear relation to proportional body or brain uptake.
Taking into account rapid elimination of S-ketamine, significant inter-individual variability and rapid loss of effect over a narrow range of concentrations a sudden return of consciousness has to be foreseen.
Taking into account the pharmacologic behavior of S-ketamine, namely the rapid elimination and the rapid loss of effect over a narrow range of concentrations, a sudden return of consciousness has to be then foreseen once the first 10 minutes after injection are elapsed.
The second phase was characterized by high fever, headache, nausea (and vomiting in Patient 1), tremor, and mild disturbances of concentration and consciousness.
Additionally, the patients' level of consciousness and concentration regarding a potential ICU-related state of confusion (acute confusion: yes/no) was assessed with the CAM-ICU [ 26, 27], including the RASS [ 25].
Severe malaria was defined as a hospital admission with any of the three major clinical syndromes that tend to be observed in African children [ 15, 16] namely: severe malarial anemia (haemoglobin concentration of <5 g/dL), impaired consciousness (Blantyre coma score <4 in patients under 8 months old or <5 in patients aged ≥ 8 months) and respiratory distress (deep 'Kussmaul' breathing pattern).
To investigate the effect of small-dose ketamine on the predicted effect-site concentration of propofol required for loss of consciousness (LOC) and Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) insertion.
Importantly, we will discuss possible ways to separate brain activity changes associated with the changing level of consciousness from the concentration or dose-dependent direct or indirect drug effects on the brain.
