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When a rise in the concentration of cellular calcium results from the opening of calcium-selective channels, the membrane's calcium pumps restore the low concentration.
In this study, the concentration of cellular protein carbonyls in brain was significantly increased by 38% within 1 h after cold exposure (from 28°C to 18°C) of zebrafish (Danio rerio).
Addition of glucose resulted in increased concentration of cellular carbohydrates in both bacterial strains, from 13.5 ng/cell to 60.7 ng/cell in OP50 and an increase from 47.4 ng/cell to 150 ng/cell in HB101, resulting in thicker lawns in both strains (Figure 3F).
Thus, the DCF fluorescence is linear to the concentration of cellular ROS.
Thus, we speculated that an increase in the concentration of cellular cAMP could inhibit hyphal induction.
The concentration of cellular cAMP was carried out using the cAMP-Glo assay kit (Promega, Madison, WI, USA).
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The information for controlling cell fate is transmitted by concentrations of cellular signaling molecules.
MRSI provides information about the relative concentrations of cellular metabolites in the prostate such as citrate and choline [5, 44, 55].
Further, secretory granules contain the highest concentrations of cellular IP3R/Ca2+ channels in neuroendocrine cells [39], and the IP3R/Ca2+ channels of secretory granules are ∼7-fold more sensitive to IP3 than those of the ER [40], which means that secretory granules will release Ca2+ in response even to one-seventh the IP3 concentration that is required to induce Ca2+ release from the ER.
It is likely that this mechanism is operating also in vivo since the expression of p47phox, that reasonably reflects the activity of NADPH-oxidase, was much higher in the PBMC of heavy smokers who had the highest concentrations of cellular PGPC, POVPC and PEIPC, than in moderate smokers or non-smokers.
By contrast the slower intercellular variability in the onset times for AI response and in the overall luminescence output is more suggestive of extrinsic noise originating in the variable concentrations of cellular components such as ribosomes, polymerases, or in different stages in the growth cycle, etc. [34].
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