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Contrasting with other traditional surrogate methods where the whole physical model is replaced by a soft computing estimator acting as a black box, in the proposed approach the ANNs are trained to generate an estimation of the error produced by the low cost simulation in order to correct its results.
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We develop a randomized traversal method that computes estimators for the number of steady states and the fraction of individual genes and gene pairs being active in these states in an online fashion.
Next, the recursive formulas for computing the estimator (8) and its associated error p(t k |t n ) = E[|s(t k ) - ŝ(t k |t n )|2] are devised.
Variance : γ 2 ≡ C 2 0 = E x 2 n, (5) Skewness : C 3 0, 0 = E x 3 n, Kurtosis : C 4 0, 0, 0 = E x 4 n − 3 E x 2 n 2. When estimating HOS from finite data records, the variance of the estimators is reduced by normalizing the input data to have a unity variance, prior to computing the estimators.
Based on the derived sufficient conditions, we propose an iterative algorithm to compute the estimator parameters.
A gradient descent type algorithm is presented which allows the nodes to compute their estimator parameters in a decentralized manner.
It is our purpose in this section to derive an algorithm to accurately and efficiently compute this estimator in the case of the correlated noise model defined by (3)–(4).
end{aligned}Although (c(F_{X})) can also be computed for various other distributions, the FORTRAN code provided by Croux and Rousseeuw (1992) and the MATLAB Library for Robust Analysis (https://wis.kuleuven.be/stat/robust/LIBRA) developed at ROBUST@Leuven, compute the estimator (Q_{n}) with the Gaussian constant (c(Phi )).4.4
Then the ratio of BSsmooth over the original BS was computed as estimator of surface smoothness.
One of the difficulties in dealing with ratios arises in computing variance estimators.
Genetic differentiation between sampling sites was quantified by computing pairwise estimators of FST according to [ 31] and their significance was tested by 1000 permutations in GENETIX 4.03 [ 32].
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