The use of computers has been shown to have the potential for detrimental effects on the musculoskeletal system.
New software for computers has been shown to improve the cognitive assessment of neurological patients, facilitating the creation of large databases and opening up new opportunities for home-based rehabilitation.
Advanced mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablet computers, have been shown to overcome important limitations of paper-based survey tools (35).
Laptops, personal digital assistants and tablet personal computers have been shown to be effective and feasible mobile technologies in medical education providing access to the internet, software and information repositories which can enhance students' learning experiences [ 18, 19].
The concept of the genetic program developed at a time when the first computers had been shown to operate as predicted by Turing, von Neumann and the many theoreticians and scientists who had discovered the link between the arithmetic of whole numbers and logic [ Turing, 1946 19866); von Neumann, 1958].
Using a computer interview has been shown to be an effective method of eliciting information, and particularly personal information which many people find difficult to discuss face to face.
The computer system has been shown to provide reproducible data, but showed poor correlation with common standard scores used to define bone erosions [ 15- 18].
In a computer model, it has been shown that once bony impingement becomes the restricting factor, further changes in implant design and orientation may not improve range of motion (ROM) [15].
By utilizing theoretical models and computer simulations, it has been shown that small changes in this model may shift a network from a relatively quiet state to some other state with highly complex dynamics.
Using molecular dynamics computer simulation it has been shown how a large cluster such as fullerene can create an acoustic wave with sufficient energy to gently eject molecules which have been adsorbed to a surface.
