FMO (EC 1.14.13.8) is involved in the formation of protein disulfide bonds, and its suppressed expression might result in an accumulation of reduced proteins and sulfide compounds to maintain the reducing potential [58].
Under such circumstances, cells need to synthesize protective compounds to maintain their cellular compartmentalisation, and to detoxify metabolic intermediates accumulated.
Biotrophic and endophytic fungi may require resistances to these compounds to maintain stable infections of plant hosts (Ambrose and Belanger 2012).
Prokaryotes are known to use two basic osmoregulation mechanisms: (i) the salt-in-cytoplasm mechanism involves adjusting the salt concentration in the cytoplasm according to the environmental osmolarity, and (ii) the organic-osmolyte mechanism involves accumulating uncharged, water-soluble organic compounds to maintain an osmotic equilibrium with the surrounding medium [ 2].
Supplementation with that compound enabled plants to maintain their photosynthetic capacity and development of the root system while promoting the uptake of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and B, altering the way in which those nutrients were partitioned throughout the plant.
A synthetic graft (a small pellet of Osteoset (Wright Medical Technology, Arlington, TN) or similar compound) was inserted to maintain the tipped acetabular roof without additional fixation.
Individual secondary metabolite biosynthetic enzymes do not require exact substrate specificity or chemistry; they only require the synthesis of a useful compound to be maintained in the population.
In spite of their ionic conductivity being lower than 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis trifluoromethanesulfonylimide) (BMITFSI), the absence of an acidic proton in both compounds is crucial to maintain their chemical stability towards metallic lithium and, thereby, to make possible the safe assembly of lithium ion batteries.
In the presence of hydrogen, there are excess reducing equivalents in the pool that can further be converted into other reduced compounds in order to maintain the redox balance.
