A further regression analysis was performed, replacing the explanatory variable species richness with species composition, to determine whether compositional effects underpinned the observed effects of biodiversity.
As a result, productivity improvements during the recession were not driven by "compositional effects".
However, so-called compositional effects had worked in the opposite direction in both 2014 and 2015, due to lower-skilled employees returning to the workforce.
The moderate elongation provided by the Academy ratio has proved most versatile for achieving standard compositional effects.
OVER at Ezra Klein's blog, Karl Smith has been doing some very interesting blogging on the compositional effects of the recession in America.
From a stern and commanding mood at the beginning, Bach gradually increases the complexity of his theme, mixing in various compositional effects.
This had dragged wage growth by around 0.75 percentage points and helped explain why wage growth is running at around 2%. "More recent data for the fourth quarter of 2015 show that compositional effects have started to subside.
In the meteoric career that has transformed him from a gifted dancer in the company into the most talented classical choreographer of his generation (he is 29 this year), Mr. Wheeldon has leaned toward spectacular compositional effects with large casts, as seen in his recent "Mercurial Manoeuvres" and "Scenes de Ballet".
In the estimations, the effects of parameter w are no longer separable from compositional effects.
Keller and others are now space weathering a variety of rocks in the laboratory to sort out compositional effects.
While compositional effects are essentially spatial, global effects may also result from temporal variation.
