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A composite mood score was calculated by summing participants' ratings on three visual analog scales for 'sadness'hopelessnessss' and 'depressed'depressed
These early mood-dependent changes in sACC activity occurring within 3 hours of inflammatory challenge suggest that inflammation-associated changes in this composite mood measure recruits neural circuitry similar to that implicated in primary depression.
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Of note, this method produces a composite total mood score that is sensitive to changes in cognitive-mood and neurovegetative contributions to mood.
A composite negative mood change score was therefore calculated from the average of the available mood change scores (post pre film for each measure) for each experiment (see Table 1; calm and happy reversed scored).
Composite negative mood change was entered into the first regression analysis investigating participants' emotional response to the film with study as a random factor (n = 458).
As predicted, low scores on composite negative mood change were associated with an absence of analogue flashbacks with an OR of 1.72.
Compared to experiment alone the addition of composite negative mood change significantly improved model fit (χ = 27.02, df = 1, p <.001).
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The results of this study illustrate that experimental inflammation induced by typhoid vaccination produces a robust increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6) and reduction in a composite measure of mood (that includes both cognitive-mood and neurovegetative contributions) in normal healthy male volunteers at 3 hours.
It is noteworthy that our composite measure of mood change that was sensitive to heterogeneous mood-related symptoms also revealed modulation of activity within a network of regions connected to sACC, a region itself implicated in integrating multiple components of mood homeostasis.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com