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The internal friction spectrum of shape memory alloys, which undergo a thermo-elastic martensitic transformation, is composed of three terms: the intrinsic term IFInt, related to the damping properties of each phase, the phase transition term IFPT, due to the martensitic phase transformation itself, and the transitory term IFTr, linked to the kinetic effects during the phase transition.
A formula composed of three terms, including the influence formula of eccentric initiation, rarefaction wave and incident angle of the detonation wave was proposed in the present work to determine the fragment velocity distributions of a cylindrical casing under eccentric point initiation at one end.
The minimized evaluation function is composed of three terms.
Now, ∆ is composed of three terms including a perfect square.
The effective potential is composed of three terms: V eff ( [ n ], r ) = V ext ( r ) + V H ( r ) + V xc ( r ), (3).
The recently formulated new sublimation-pressure empirical equation valid in the range from 50 K and 1.9 × 10−34 MPa to the triple point, where all three phases of water are in equilibrium at Tt = 273.16 K and pt = (611.657 ± 0.010) Pa, is composed of three terms [25] ln π = θ − 1 ∑ i = 1 3 a i θ b i (1).
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The proposed robust control law is composed of two terms: (1) a sampled-data MPC control law and (2) a continuous-time state feedback term.
We assess a cost functional composed of two terms, the first for a velocity matching profile problem and the second for turbulence enhancement or reduction.
The latter was found composed of two terms, a reversible and an irreversible one, where the relative amounts are storage time dependants.
The key ingredient is a high-order gradient reconstruction composed of two terms: (i) a consistent contribution obtained mimicking an integration by parts formula inside each element and (ii) a stabilising term for which sufficient design conditions are provided.
In our previous work, the segmentation problem has been formulated as an energy function composed of two terms: the sum of squared errors and a noise term to help HNN in its minimization process of the segmentation problem's energy function to reach a local minimum close to the global minimum.
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composed of three cars
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composed of three steps
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composed of three sections
composed of three earths
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composed of three layers
composed of three databases
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com