The system was composed of a fluorescent microscope (IX71, Olympus), an electron multiplying charge-coupled device camera (iXonEM+ DU-897, Andor), a confocal unit with a Nipkow disc (CSU10, Yokogawa) and control computing system as noted in our previous study [23].
A custom-built prism-based microscope composed of a Nikon TE-2000 microscope with a 60× water immersion objective was used to perform total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy measurements.
The slides were examined on a Nikon E400 light microscope (Japan); and the images were captured via a video-microscopic system composed of a Nikon E400 microscope, CoolSNAP-Procf Color camera, and Infinity analysis software.
Semi-continuous image acquisition was performed using an automated image collection system [ 8] composed of a MZFLIII dissecting microscope (Leica, Heerbrugg, Switzerland) equipped with a "GFP-2" filter set (Excitation 480 ± 40 nm, Emission 510 nm), a Spot-RT CCD digital camera (Diagnostic Instruments Inc., Sterling Heights, MI, USA) and a robotics platform (Arrick Robotics Inc., Hurst, TX, USA).
The first prototype attempt utilised a simple system composed of a 60 100× magnification pocket microscope (Radioshack MM-100, $10) and a standard USB 320×240 resolution webcam.
The ID21 FTIR end-station at ESRF is primarily composed of a commercial FTIR spectro-microscope from Thermo with a Nicolet Nexus infrared bench associated with an infrared Continuμm microscope [65].
Images of male genitalia were made using incident light and a digital photo imaging system, composed of a Leica DM 2500 M microscope and a Tucsen 5.0 MP camera.
The system presented here is composed of a customized JEOL JSM7100-F scanning electron microscope with a thermal field-emission electron source allowing to focus an intense electron beam onto specially designed micro-structured reflection target thereby further reducing the size of the X-ray source spot by reducing the electron interaction zone and thus reducing image blur at high magnifications.
Squashed testes and RPE1 cells were analysed in an epifluorescence microscopy unit, composed of an Eclipse 90i Upright Microscope (Nikon), equipped with a 100× oil immersion objective, a piezo-electric driver mounted underneath the objective and a CoolSNAP HQ2 camera (Photometrics).
