East Asia is composed of a continental land mass, peninsulas, and several island-type countries.
A swidden cultivation landscape mosaic, for example, is defined as a cluster of land cover mosaics that may be composed of any land cover except permanent agricultural fields or paddy (column C).
We assume a forest is composed of a number of land parcels that are individually managed.
We assume that a forest is composed of a number of land parcels that are individually managed; landowners choose whether or not to cut trees by comparing the expected utilities of forest conservation and deforestation; landowners learn utility values not only from their own experiences, but also by exchanging and sharing information with others in a society.
The 1980 2010 combined estimated flux from fossil fuel combustion, and Amazon deforestation, degradation, and fragmentation averaged 431 (326, 538) Tg C, a value which has been remarkably steady, composed of a generally declining land-use component and a generally increasing fossil field component (Table 1).
King Ranch, largest ranch in the United States, composed of a group of four tracts of land in southeastern Texas, totaling approximately 825,000 acres (333,800 hectares).
Some plots were more intensively used, such as those in closer proximity to homes, and some were abandoned for longer periods, creating a heterogeneous land cover composed of a complex mosaic of cultivated areas, primary forest, and secondary forest.
The land, 500 yards from Highbury, composed of a rubbish processing plant and industrial estate, 80% owned by the Islington Council, Railtrack and Sainsbury's.
The primary cell wall of land plants is composed of a strong cellulose microfibril framework cross-linked through xyloglucan (XG) chains and embedded in a stabilizing matrix of pectin polysaccharides and structural proteins.
