By measuring the cross-sectional areas of drusen and RPE in sections of pelleted RPE-capped drusen (see Methods), we determined that the component volume fraction was 62.4% ±12.8%for drusen and 37.6%±12.81 for RPE.
The results demonstrate important limits on the effects of high- and low-conductivity component volume fractions, orientations, and the critical lengthscales of individual components.
Material properties of the shell were assumed as continuously variable along thickness, and consistent with the variation in the component's volume fraction based on power law distribution.
Then, a numerical code was developed to calculate flow field parameters (i.e. liquid phase velocity components, solid phase volume fraction, and solid phase velocity components in the annulus) and pressure drop.
For two non-absorbing components with volume fractions fi and refractive indices ni, the Bruggemann effective medium approximation gives [18] Figure 3 The refractive index spectra and refractive index at a wavelength of the TiN films.
The profiles of the mean and fluctuation velocity components and solid volume fraction within the particle curtain are estimated.
First, the context of the study and the requirements of the multi-material must be clearly defined in order to specify the parameters that the designer must select or optimise in order to produce the design: the components and their volume fraction, the architecture and morphology at different scales, etc.
In our case, the ITO NWs and air are considered to occupy an arbitrary volume, and each component has a certain volume fraction.
In the discussions of influences of various parameters to the results, material property parameters are the temperature change index and functionally graded index, material component parameter is the volume fraction of PE material, and geometric parameters are the inner-outer thickness ratio, thickness change index and inner-outer radius ratio.
