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Many components of wine are capable of slowing crystal growth, but given enough time, crystals may form anyways.
One of her best books, "Vines, Grapes and Wines," a reference on the raw components of wine, published 20 years ago, is now regrettably out of date.
This lack of consensus may be due to the equilibrium between the two main components of wine relevant for health: ethanol and bioactive compounds or phytochemicals, which include not only polyphenols, but also newly detected molecules, such as melatonin and phytosterols.
But which of the myriad components of wine might confer protection?
The most intense peaks in 1H NMR spectra of wines correspond to water and ethanol, being these compounds the main components of wine.
Conversely, when the focus is on the minor components of wine, water and ethanol signals must be eliminated spectroscopically, and this can be afforded via a variety of multiple suppression NMR techniques [9, 23].
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The predominant components of wines as determined by NMR spectroscopy were organic acids and diols (tartaric acid, succinic acid, acetic acid, glycerol, 2,3-butanediol, lactic acid), amino acids (proline, alanine, arginine), carbohydrates (glucose, fructose), and polyphenols (gallic acid, 2-phenylethanol, tyrosol).
I got 5 wrong out of 12, but then I've always considered humiliation an important component of wine judging.
Optimized multiple reaction monitoring experiments allowed for the determination of trans-resveratrol, which is one of the most active antioxidant component of wine, and for monuron, a plant protection product (herbicide) of interest to regulatory agencies.
This preference for using wine, and in most cases red wine, as the type of alcohol for intervention may be related to the other chemical components of red wine, such as polyphenols, which are believed to have cardioprotective effects.
As Florence likes to say, the components of the wine were not on speaking terms.
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