Moreover, LRP 5/6 phosphorylation inhibits the components of "destruction complex" such as GSK-3 β and APC [ 46].
A core component of the destruction complex, axin, is not present in cell protrusions with APC and is not detected at cell-cell junctions; 6. Accumulation of APC and phospho-β-catenin at the ends of cell protrusions and at the leading edge of migrating cells suggests that this population has an active role in microtubule regulation, cell-cell or cell matrix interactions.
Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) is a component of the destruction complex that destabilizes β-catenin and suppresses the activity of the canonical WNT signaling pathway.
MMPs appear to have prominent roles in several diseases with a component of tissue destruction, such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis (Bramono et al. 2004).
Phospho-β-catenin has recently been reported in two separate complexes: one with E-cadherin and the other with components of the destruction complex [18].
If Wnts were acting through a β-catenin-dependent pathway, we would expect components of the destruction complex to be required for axon termination, and β-catenin and TCF to be instead required for axon elongation.
For the WNT/β-catenin inhibitors to block cartilage degradation effectively, they should interfere with both components of cartilage destruction.
Wnt ligands/receptors or the components of the destruction complex may be involved in the CagA-positive H. pylori-induced activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Axin (Axin1 and Axin2) is a scaffold protein that directly interacts with other core components of the destruction complex [ 129, 184, 185].
Genes encoding components of the destruction complex, for example APC or Axin, are often mutated, resulting in β-catenin accumulation in cancer samples (Jin et al, 2003; Morin et al, 1997; Polakis, 2007).
