Sentence examples for complicated fabrication processes from inspiring English sources

There are many electrochemical cytosensors developed for cancer cells detection but most of them have complicated fabrication processes which results in poor reproducibility and reliability.

Currently, direct solar steam generator based on suspending plasmonic solar absorber and floating porous photothermal convertors still suffered from high optical concentrations, poor productivity rates, high expenses and complicated fabrication processes.

However, SiNM based device might have issues in the high cost and complicated fabrication processes.

Unfortunately, these methods possibly lead to complicated fabrication processes, low cost efficiency, and low yield, which further limit the potential application.

Most of them also have involved complicated fabrication processes in which many steps such as lithography, alignment, reactive-ion etching, polymerization or bottom-up synthesis of nanostructures were needed to make a whole device.

Problems associated with these phantoms include the complexity of the measurement [ 5], the limited range of operation across multiple devices [ 6], and the use of complicated fabrication processes requiring many steps [ 7] or layouts that do not permit simple readout of results [ 8].

However, this approach requires three In bumps on each pixel leading to a complicated fabrication process and lower fill factor.

Numerous adsorbents have been reported for efficient removal of dye from water, but the high cost raw materials and complicated fabrication process limit their practical applications.

The material properties of functionally graded materials (FGMs) possess inherent randomness due to their complicated fabrication process, in which the total control of various design parameters is often impossible.

Though silicon tunnel field effect transistor (TFET) has attracted attention for sub-60 mV/decade subthreshold swing and very small OFF current (IOFF), its practical application is questionable due to low ON current (ION) and complicated fabrication process steps.

However, this CMP method has a significant limitation and complicated fabrication process.