Most of the protein force spectroscopy studies quantified force thresholds for these phenomena through a complex set of assumptions both about the measurement tools and the sample to arrive at forces at the scale of picoNewtons in such load-bearing proteins as cadherin [ 6] and vinculin [ 5].
This argument is akin to that made by those advocating a theoretical rather than procedural fidelity approach to evaluating program implementation [ 68] and the many calls for greater exposition of the underlying theories of complex interventions, assumptions about how they work and expected impacts [ 65, 66].
Like its more famous cousin, the spiritual-industrial complex was born of assumption and urgency.
It should be considered, though, that the validity of cost effective studies is strongly dependent on the accuracy of complex models, based on hundreds of assumptions often derived by sparse sources.
Further, in-depth analyses as well as state-of-the-art implementation of more complex assumptions have been described [ 28- 30].
But both are very complex and are based on lots of assumptions that the people who do the evaluation will have to identify, agree and sign off.
Yet the most compelling aspect of the photos is not necessarily the physical discrepancy between a white woman and her black hair, but all of the complex histories, assumptions, silences and transformations that make such a discrepancy so apparent to the viewer.
In sum, I argue for bringing together these various disciplinary approaches in a new critical framework, one that is sufficiently inclusive and capable of describing the complex cultural assumptions and material practices articulated through the uses of milk across nations, genders, races, species, and environments.
While computationally intensive, these are flexible in handling complex distributional assumptions and a variety of outcome measures of interest.
Your verdict about which things count as water in a given hypothetical scenario will be justified on the basis of a complex pattern of initial assumptions about water an implicit "folk theory" of water.
