Host immunity consists of a complex network of humoral and cellular components that interact with tumor cells and tumor stroma.
A complex network of regulatory and signaling components involved in regulation of morphogenesis and virulence [ 68, 69].
Elegant electrophysiological and experimental manipulation performed within the foregut of the blowfly Calliphora larvae, which has a similar organization and structure to the Drosophila foregut and SNS, has demonstrated that a complex network of interactions among all components of the SNS contribute to characteristic feeding and swallowing behaviours [ 3, 43, 44].
In all, because the majority of gene products function together with other gene products, biological processes should be considered as complex networks of interconnected components.
Systems biology models tend to become large since biological systems often consist of complex networks of interacting components, and since the models usually are developed to reflect various mechanistic assumptions of those networks.
From a systems-level perspective, disease states represent perturbations, from genetic or environmental factors, on complex networks of interacting components on multiple scales (molecules, macromolecules, organelles, cells, tissues and organs).
Despite the fact that current 3-D models of the LSU clearly indicate a complex network of interactions between its structural components, individual groups of LSU r-proteins seem to have specific impact on different aspects of rRNA maturation.
Ants can establish a complex network of interactions with virtually every component of their ecosystems, ranging from microorganisms to fungi, and from other animals to plants (Ness et al. 2010).
Most proteins carry out their functions within a complex network of interactions in which a single component can affect a wide range of other components [ 8].
