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The presence of moisture, some of its origin, in buildings causes damage to walls that extend from the formation of mold in complete impregnation through the degradation of the thermal and mechanical performance.
For an in-depth understanding of the filling process of large and complex fibre architectures, the knowledge of mechanisms in the microscopic scale (in the order of magnitude of fibres and fibre tows) is essential to achieve complete impregnation of architectures of individual fibres.
The observation of stable nanoporous microstructures after polishing can only be understood in terms of complete impregnation.
Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis (EDX) in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) finds a uniform carbon signal on cross-sections of all of the samples, suggesting complete impregnation.
Here, on the basis of the vast literature concerning the molecular and nanoscale structure of collagen type I, we present evidence supporting the hypothesis that the complete impregnation of demineralized dentin collagen by dental monomers is limited by the physical constraints imposed by the intermolecular distance within collagen fibrils.
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The infusion process is strongly affected by the permeability of the fiber mat that determines processing issues, such as the cycle time and the complete fiber impregnation and, as a consequence, the performance of the final part.
This paper presents a rather complete model of impregnation kinetics and internal active ingredient profile.
The study was completed by an impregnation analysis based on Hg determination in hair samples.
The results also showed that impregnation was less complete when the samples were fully dipped in water than when they were only partially dipped, owing to the requirement for the system to create air bubbles under water.
Adhesive failure on the dentin interface suggested that phosphoric acid conditioned dentin rinsed and kept moist had less permeability for impregnation by monomers; thus complete hybridization of resin into the conditioned dentin did not occur.
A series of alkali metal doped natural manganese ore (NMO) catalysts were prepared by an impregnation method, and tested for the complete catalytic oxidation of o-xylene.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com