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Reduced smoking and smoke exposure, however, can have positive health benefits even if there is not complete adherence with a ban.
To assess the effect of the definition of discontinuation, we performed a second analysis with discontinuation defined as a period of over 15 days after the last prescription would have been finished (assuming complete adherence), with no refill of the prescription during this time.
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ap<0.001 versus complete adherence; bpatients with initial positive culture and at least one follow-up culture; cp<0.001 versus Total intervention.
Microbiological tests were significantly (p<0.001) more frequently requested in the group of patients with complete adherence versus those with non-adherence (Table 2).
Furthermore, the increased likelihood of complete adherence was associated with a 25% decrease in the rate of hospitalisation.
The datasets were merged to create a subset that only included individuals with complete adherence data, resulting in a cohort of 11,272 veterans with type 2 diabetes, of which 5,307 were non-Hispanic White (NHW), 3,061 were non-Hispanic Black (NHB), 51 were Hispanic and 1,879 were identified as Other ethnic/racial group.
It showed a significant difference in first-year failure rates (2% vs 11%) among patients with complete adherence vs incomplete adherence to drug refill already after 12 months on treatment.
After adjustment for CD4 cell count, age and exposure to any ARVs pre-ART initiation and for virologic failure in the Cox regression analysis, patients with incomplete adherence had an immunologic failure rate of 90% at month 48, while the corresponding figure among patients with complete adherence was only 11% (Figure 2b) (logrank p value<0.01).
Over a median follow-up time of 13.7 months for clients with complete adherence data (n=1,521), 92.2% had ≥95% adherence.
Nevertheless, our findings raise the question of whether drug resistance selected by sdNVP may be partially overcome with complete adherence.
In the present study, adherence (complete plus partial) was 59.5% or even lower if we consider only patients with complete adherence (34.9%).
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