The competitive model is based on the concept of cover.
That keeps everybody on their toes, which is something economists immediately recognize as the competitive model.
The interaction between firms and consumers in markets that fall outside the benchmark competitive model.
"The theoretical competitive model has been around forever," said Edward Yardeni, chief economist at Deutsche Bank Securities Alex.
When there are two models, says Masakazu Kubota, Keidanren's managing director, globalisation means the more competitive model will prevail.
Chrysler, which previously lacked a competitive model in the small-car segment, said it sold 3,000 Darts in August.
Indeed, the hallmark of a competitive model is that it dismantles collective will: I'll get what's best for my child; forget the others.
What sort of competitive model permits someone with very close connections in the world of contracting to get supervisory rights over another company in the same business?
You can have a competitive model where there is a public option like there is in East Coast at the moment.
Many of the assumptions about market economies are based on acceptance of the competitive model, with marginal returns commensurate with social contributions.
That has been replaced with a competitive model that sees 10 organisations bidding for one contract, which leads to huge waste," he says.
