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It is believed that after the onset of this appropriate tumor immune response, the immune system becomes competent to target onconeural antigen-expressing neurons.
These indirect effects could be due to nonproductively infected cells, exposure of virus particles (both defective and replication competent) to target and non-target cells as well as cellular and viral factors released from the infected cells that could affect bystander cell population.
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Consequently, the presence of binding-competent minor impurities can lead to target protein binding during on-bead screening.
A variety of competent ligands and target agents conjugated onto nanoparticle surfaces, including monoclonal antibodies, transferrin, and folic acid, have been used to target cell surfaces [22, 23, 24].
Our data support a mechanism in which a pH-dependent dimer-monomer equilibrium creates, at the contact between virus and target membrane, a pool of monomers competent to cluster into target-membrane engaged trimers.
Thus, we infer that a portion of Gαo[G203T] can form a competent Fz2-transducing complex, and a portion of overexpressed Gαo[G203T] resides in a free GDP-loaded form that is also competent to activate downstream targets – Ank2 in the context of NMJ formation.
We have recently published an extensive characterization of CD8+ T cells present in the spinal cord at 90 dpi and concluded that these cells, although evidently activated acute effectors, were not competent to kill virus-infected targets in vitro [23].
Therefore, strategies to use conditional oncolytic virus, or the so-called attenuated replication-competent viruses, to specifically target prostate tissue have been developed [ 2– 4].
However, only the CD56dimNKG2A−KIR+ NK cells are competent to kill HLA-E-expressing target cells.
HIV PICs are fully competent to integrate into an exogenous DNA target and integration efficiency is measured by qPCR [35], [36].
Although these are the host cells targeted for infection, they are competent to present antigen and kill intracellular Leishmania [ 3].
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