This study contributes to the corporate social responsibility (education) literature by introducing an empirical test of which competencies are considered necessary for managers in various stages of corporate social responsibility implementation.
Whilst professional pharmacy competencies were important, generic management and leadership competencies were considered critical for pharmacists working in these positions.
In contrast, seven competencies were considered only to require the attainment of a beginner's level of competencies by the group working in academia.
None of the suggested competencies were considered as "not necessary", 75% (n = 112/149) of competencies were expected to attain expert level, 24% (n = 35/149) advanced level and 1% (n = 2/149) beginner level (Additional file 1).
The competencies were considered by the WHO Patient Safety task force, by potential end users in developing and transitional countries and by international experts in the field to be relevant, comprehensive, clear, easily adaptable to local contexts and useful for training patient safety researchers internationally.
Veering away from one's core competency is considered heresy in some quarters — didn't AT&T spin off its telecommunications and computer manufacturing businesses to much acclaim?
Indeed, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics, feeding competency is considered a precondition for hospital discharge [ 16].
As problem-solving competency is considered as a key competency for a healthy family atmosphere [ 61], this is considered as a secondary outcome (measured by the SPSI-R-S [ 62, 63]; time points T0, T2, T4).
