A lack of competence inhibits the ability to exchange and prevents social facilitators from working efficiently in the exchange, whereas the presence of competence enables exchange, which the social facilitators enable and the direct contacts accelerate.
Many bacteria develop a physiological state called natural competence, enabling cells to take up DNA from the environment and occasionally recombine it with the chromosome; a cell is said to be transformed if recombination changes its genotype.
Notably, parthenogenetic haploid ESCs possess robust germline competence enabling the production of transgenic mouse strains from genetically modified haploid ESCs.
Yung-Hua et al. (58) showed that induction of genetic competence (enabling the uptake and incorporation of exogenous DNA by transformation) is also mediated by quorum sensing in S. mutans.
Existing expression data in zebrafish suggest the hypothesis that the BMP -- Wnt -- Cdx -- Hox pathway identified by Lengerke et al. (2008) [ 48] may correspond to some aspect of paraxial mesoderm signal production (or competence enabling signal production) in zebrafish.
The outcomes (ie, better planning and supervision practices) are determined by several factors at the individual (improved knowledge and skills), institutional (competence, enabling environment, motivation to apply/change) and contextual (other programmes or interventions with similar objectives and many other contextual factors that may facilitate or discourage organisational change) levels.
The second illustrates how competences enable firms to match technology with demand and capitalize on technology and demand as sources of innovation.
This work proposes an ontology-based model for the representation of competences able to support a wide range of scenarios where it is fundamental to model, organize and represent professional competences, enable interoperability and co-operation among different and heterogeneous tools and, lastly, execute queries and inference operations over these competences.
In fact, the availability of a competence framework enabled recognition by a wider community of the roles and contribution of those professionals.
They obtained the competences that enabled them to perform all kinds of tasks at the conference, similar to professionals, and provided input that justified coauthorship of peer-reviewed articles.
