A comprehensive habit-reversal program was implemented, including awareness training, competing response training, relaxation training, self-monitoring, social support, and contingency management.
Using task switching, the authors independently manipulated two kinds of conflict: task conflict (with information that potentially triggers the relevant or the competing task rule/identity) and response conflict (with information that potentially triggers the relevant or the competing response code/motor response).
In the flanker task, by contrast, there is just one competing response.
Some young people felt that it was difficult to execute competing responses for motor or vocal tics, and one young person felt that behavioural interventions was changing "this to that" and remembered developing a tic from a competing response.
According to this caveat, congruence effects are guided less by overlapping perceptual coding of the competing stimuli, and more by competing response codes.
Instead it highlights the importance of 5-HT within the OFC in overcoming competing response biases to sensory stimuli and either directly, or indirectly, in promoting exploratory behavior.
Hence, it seems that in both studies the demand of motor control was increased due to competing response plans between the 2 hands.
If the Average IQ participants were to have experienced greater conflict (e.g., from competing response alternatives) then this could explain their relatively greater activation in these regions observed compared with the High IQ participants.
The anterior cluster encompassed primarily the activation in the 2 studies featuring higher demand of action control due to competing response plans between both hands (Cieslik et al. 2010; Jakobs et al. 2009).
Premonitory urges have been considered to have an important role in tic generation, and CBIT includes using a competing response to prevent a tic from occurring until the urge decreases sufficiently so that the tic will not occur.
