Crucially these cell signalling pathways are regulated by intracellular trafficking events, and subsequent TNFR1 compartmentalization [ 15, 16].
We also screened each alignment for recombination, since this could confound compartmentalization [50].
Recombination between parental sequences from each tissue type could also mask compartmentalization [50].
α-Synuclein may regulate dopamine homeostasis through multiple mechanisms [13], such as dopamine synthesis/breakdown [39], [40], compartmentalization [41] and recycling [42].
Recently, it was proposed that XIAP acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase for PTEN and promotes Akt activity by regulating PTEN content and compartmentalization [33].
Moreover, recent evidence showed that CLIPR-59 functions as a scaffold protein that interacts with phospho-Akt and regulates Akt cellular compartmentalization [5].
Recently, it was proposed that XIAP acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase for PTEN and promotes Akt activity by regulating PTEN content and compartmentalization [48].
Even proteins with homologs of known function may have a different biological role due to altered regulation, posttranslational modification, or cellular compartmentalization [4], [5].
In addition, sub-isoforms of PDE4 have been shown to have diverse functions in subcellular pools of cAMP that result from compartmentalization [9].
It has been suggested that interactions based on mutual benefits trend toward nestedness, while those resulting from antagonistic relationships will lead to specialization and compartmentalization [34].
This appears to be the case here because epitope-tagged MIC17B in Toxoplasma localizes partly to the rhoptries and partly to the micronemes, precluding a definitive demonstration of compartmentalization [54], [55].
