Simple cell compartment trafficking sequences added to the ChR2-YFP-NavII-III construct, for example, might increase the density of ChR2 molecules at the AIS and improve optogenetic efficiency [e.g. [17]], but with all of the caveats associated with overexpression outlined above.
Taken together these data demonstrate that after nasal immunization, antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are primed in the regional mucosa-draining lymph nodes and then became able to leave the priming compartment and traffic towards distal non-draining lymph nodes and spleen.
CCVs can though, also bud from endomembrane compartments to traffic towards the cell plasma membrane or other endomembrane compartments.
For the detailed analyses of the intracellular AQP2-storage compartment and trafficking, cultured cell systems have been widely used.
Thus, VSVG moves gradually through the stack in over 15 min, consistent with the compartment progression trafficking mechanism, as expected under these synchronization conditions (Mironov et al., 2001; Trucco et al., 2004).
Furthermore, we do not have complete knowledge of the mechanisms by which lipids synthesized in one compartment are trafficked to other locations within the cell or the mechanisms by which the precise lipid compositions of specific membrane compartments are established and maintained.
Endogenously produced Aβ adds a second level of complexity to that study [41] as Aβ might be either produced in the endocytic compartments or trafficked there directly without secretion.
A cellular process in which protein complexes are known to be involved is the transport of proteins between cellular compartments (vesicular trafficking) [ 5, 6].
Here, it can be re-internalized to endocytic and recycling compartments and trafficked back to the cell surface or degraded in the lysosome (3).
It could, of course, be made in intracellular compartments and trafficked to the plasma membrane, or another route of synthesis may be present at the plasma membrane.
