Reducing the computational time of the contribution function can be done by restricting comparison of the instance solely to the cluster representative r: begin{aligned} cont i,Cl_r)= & coef i,r).
The Composite Score contains five numbers representing the comparison of the instance with its top hit match in five categories: number of heavy atoms, number of chiral centers (independent of handedness), handedness of the chiral centers, number of aromatic atoms and bond order.
Direct comparison of, for instance, ofatumumab to rituximab, a chimeric CD20 antibody that has been on the market since 1997, revealed ofatumumab to contain at least four times less T helper epitopes (Table 1) [ 8].We compared our antibodies not only to chimeric or humanized products, where large differences can be expected, but also head-to-head for zalutumumab and panitumumab.
As explained in more detail in the next sections, the Yule-Simpson effect concerns the possibility that average-based comparison studies over aggregations of instances may lead to different conclusions than comparisons conducted without aggregation, due to an underlying trend of varying data distributions.
This statistic is conservative and allows for the direct comparison of the number of instances an effect was observed in treated versus untreated animals.
Thus, direct comparisons of, for instance, the prevalence of fractures could not be made between patients using GCs versus those not using GCs, and any indirect comparisons with other studies are complicated by potential differences in study design and patient populations.
Gerrans (2012, 2013, 2014) uses a detailed comparison between instances of character misidentification in dreams and delusions of hyperfamiliarity (such as the Frégoli delusion, in which strangers are mistakenly identified as family members, but also déjà vu) to support the claim that anomalous experience, and not just faulty reality testing, plays a role in delusion formation.
We are largely concerned with vertical scaling, so are interested in comparison amongst instances of different machine types, although some consideration in relation to vertical scaling will be made.
If a pathway was significantly enriched for a particular comparison, other instances of this pathway were retained for closer examination.
