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For this differentiation, accuracy rates ranging between 84 and 89% are still in need of improvement, especially due to a substantially lower sensitivity compared with specificity of actual methods [10],[12],[15].
However, the forest plot shows greater heterogeneity for sensitivity compared with specificity.
However, specificity was 79.6%, which is not significant when compared with specificity of spleen (Table 4).
In considering the corresponding region of the ROC curve with sensitivity >0.9, while both the haplotype risk model and the GRS14 model had overall slightly higher specificity than the zygosity status, the greatest increase in specificity was observed for the GRS-DQ2.5 and GRS-DQ2.5-imputed models (specificity of 0.29 and 0.32, respectively, compared with specificity = 0.15 for the GRS14).
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However, urine cytology had a higher measured specificity at 96.3 % compared with specificities ranging from 82.2 89.0 % for Cxbladder Detect, FISH and NMP22.
The consequence of marker elevation in benign disease subjects with jaundice was a reduction in marker specificity for PDAC (specificities of markers ranged from 33%to7373%), compared with specificities for jaundiced PDAC patients over HCs (ranged from 76% to 100%) or over non-jaundiced benign disease subjects (ranged from 49%to9292%).
As for prediction of death after admission, the specificity of the ML score (73.9) was higher compared with the specificity of the MEWS (55.7) (difference in specificity: 18.2; 95% CI: 14.3 to 22.2).
In a prospective study by Fong, the combination of transvaginal ultrasound and hysterosonography for diagnosing endometrial abnormalities increased the specificity to 77.1% compared with a specificity of 55.7% with ultrasound alone[ 63, 67 ].
In particular, authors in this study found that a cut-off remodelling index ≥1.1 improved specificity to 78% compared with the specificity of 45% using the standard cut-off remodelling index ≥1.05, although the sensitivity reduced from 100%to83%3%.
In our study the sensitivity (97%) was higher compared with the specificity (50%), which is acceptable concerning the aim of triaging patients with suspicious vulvar lesions.
But compared with a specificity of 80.4% for high-pass filter, a remarkable improvement was achieved for the proposed method with a value of 96.0%.
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