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In patients with comparatively low income without PD, mean nursing costs are increased almost 5-fold compared to the reference group irrespective of age.
Generally, an odds ratio higher than 1 suggests increased probability of under-reporting compared to the reference group, whereas an odds ratio lower than 1 suggests lower probability of under-reporting compared to the reference group.
Regarding the neighborhood dummies we find that some are significant compared to the reference group (Floda 2).
Each group was then compared to the reference group (CM) and the respective p-values are shown.
They indicate higher average productivity growth rates by 9.7% and by 11.5% compared to the reference group, respectively.
It indicates that Portugal has lower productivity growth rates compared to the reference group by 16.9%, ceteris paribus.
Number of lifetime moves is measured as categorical, with those moving from one, two, and three or more times compared to the reference group of non-migrants.
As for the control variable of region, compared to the reference group of Northwest, those companies located in east China are more likely to build interlocking directorate networks.
Compared to the reference group of EU men, the ceteris paribus wage penalty of non-EU men remains at around 4%%.
However, married women who experienced violence had a higher proportion of LBW and preterm infants compared to the reference group of nonvictims of violence.
Each neighbor-to-neighbor rating is compared to the reference group as "Adequate – Adequate" neighbor pairings.
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