The receiver is to give up D2D communication when its own received signal is not large enough compared to the received signal from the higher-priority links.
RSS measurement error, n, can be generated by channel noise or any other random perturbations to the measurement system and in AWGN channel it is assumed to be a zero mean Gaussian random variable with sufficiently small variance compared to the received signal power, i.e., n ~ N ( 0, σ n 2 ), hence, R S S i ~ N K i p d i α, σ n 2 (3).
Perhaps more telling: in 1977, Mario M. Cuomo, running on only the Liberal Party line in a four-way race, received 41percentt of the vote, compared to the 50percentt received by Edward I. Koch, on the Democratic Party line.
States do face some additional costs, but they are relatively low compared to the benefits received.
Video cameras will be dropped into the waters for a four-week period and the images obtained will be compared to the data received from the buoy to see how effective its sonar beam is at detecting white sharks.
Physical characterization (compactibility, surface area and surface morphology) was performed on the form converted material and compared to the as received anhydrous lactose.
From (7), the MP scheduler assigns the PRB to the UE with larger excess channel gain compared to the required received power per bit.
Because of the additional travel path of the reflected signals, as compared to the directly received signals, the nadir-looking antenna will in the analysis appear to be a virtual antenna located below the sea surface.
Here, we investigate the interference-limited channel performance where, compared to the users received interference, the noise variances are so small that they can be ignored in the calculations.
The highlight was the text message campaign; 84,000 text messages, donating $1 each, were sent from mobile phones this year, compared to the 20,000 received in 2004.
Our hypothesis is that, during mechanical ventilation, the low density heliox gas mixture will increase flow through constricted airways and improve pulmonary mechanics in the lung receiving heliox compared to the lung receiving nitrox.
