Although introductory courses by their very nature aim to build on the students' previously accumulated knowledge, understanding and experience, especially the unstructured kind based on life experience, the students in this study were able to develop this skill with very minimal instruction, when compared to the normal length of introductory medical ethics courses [ 25].
This may be due, in part, to the lower response in the Auto Plus clinic to the mailing of the introductory letter, and reminder postcard (FIT return rate: 32%), compared to the Auto Clinic (39%).
Similarly, there were significant changes between T1 and T2 on four of the five decisional conflict subscales, all with large effect sizes with r > 0.5, indicating that the students felt significantly more informed, more satisfied and more supported and had greater clarity about their values after compared to before the introductory course (see Figure 2).
The low student to faculty ratio compared to most other introductory classes at MIT is apparent at the lectures, when a relatively small number of students are juxtaposed with at least two lecturers and a handful of tutors.
The only tree-thinking study looking at upper level college students found that, as compared to introductory student, these upper division students showed only small improvements in their tree-thinking skills (Meir et al. 2007).
Although some authors (e.g. Mann et al. 2009; Moon 1999) have suggested that experienced students, i.e. those in their later years of studies were better at self-reflection as compared to those students in introductory programs, McCrindle and Christensen (1995) did demonstrate that first-year students in higher education already have the capacity for self-reflection.
From experiment I, we were able to conclude that the instructional strategy of "Prediction" with PV in an instructor-mediated classroom increases students' active behavioral engagement in a first-year undergraduate introductory programming class compared to simply "Viewing" the PV, when the topic is of medium complexity.
The typical BT customer with a landline and broadband deal is now paying £38 a month once the introductory deal runs out, compared to £24 paid by the French for a similar deal (see below).
In order to compare the introductory students (beginners) to students enrolled in the volcanology course (novices), we compared the mean pre MMM values for both populations.
The 10,400-student Arlington district decided to phase out German — leaving Spanish, French and Italian — because it was the least popular choice among students; last year, 44 seventh graders enrolled in introductory German compared to more than 300 in Spanish.
