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The output is the variable of the process that is being measured and compared to the input; in the above example, it is room temperature.
The output of the control system is then compared to the input with respect to amplitude and to phase i.e., the degree with which the input and output signals are out of step.
Compared to the input model, each inversion model underestimates the change in the data.
However, it is also observed the background appears more unevenly illuminated as compared to the input images.
Weak coupling is then defined to be that in which all coupling powers are small compared to the input powers.
The temporal intensity within this stable region is compressed by a factor of ∼4 compared to the input.
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Recognizing that a fair level of benefit is a complex function of participants' inputs compared to the inputs of others, and the extent to which third parties benefit from those inputs, it is difficult to see how one might fill in the details of this scenario to show that the typically minimal, or non-existent compensation offered to research participants is fair.
Interestingly, we observed that the inputs to TS-projecting dopamine neurons were shifted dorso-laterally compared to the inputs to other subpopulations.
Subsequently, regions enriched for H3K4me3 in the two IP samples compared to the inputs were identified from a linear model fitted with limma [ 55].
The correlation between input and output can be characterized by two parameters, namely the Magnitude (the proportion by which the system amplifies the input sine wave) and the phase shift (the degree by which the output sine wave is delayed comparing to the input).
The larger change in variance of the AII inputs compared to the A17 inputs is consistent with the differences in connectivity and a role of CSS in causing small changes in RBC voltage to produce large changes in AII input.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com