Overall, the virtually optimized insoles significantly reduced peak pressures by a mean of 41.3 kPa (p < 0.001, 95% CI [31.1, 51.5]) for milled and 40.5 kPa (p < 0.001, 95% CI [26.4, 54.5]) for printed devices compared to shape-based insoles.
Compared to shape-memory metallic alloys, SMPs have many advantages including 100× larger extent of deformation (up to 800% strain), several fold lighter weight (density ∼ 1.0 g cm−3), significantly lower cost (∼25×), and easier processing conditions.
Invariants calculated from both test and reference field shapes are compared to determine the similarity between two treatment fields.
Conically shaped screws were demonstrated to provide better fixation strength when compared to cylindrically shaped screws [ 22, 23].
This parameter increased during the conspecific feeding task as compared to body-shape placing task, in experiment 1 only (post-hoc test, p<0.05, Fig. 2).
This again demonstrated that ART gives the best discriminating ability when dealing with this type of shape classification problem compared to other shape descriptors.
As shown in Fig. 10, the gas atomized powders possessed spherical shapes compared to irregular shapes of the water atomized powders.
Compared to flatten shape, human ACL cells with round shape exhibited higher levels of mRNA expression of TGF-β1 and collagen type III through 3-day culture period.
It has been reported in many research articles that the mode shape curvatures are much more sensitive compared to mode shape themselves to localize inhomogeneity.
The present results show that the elongated shape nanoparticles like cylinder and platelet have the highest viscosities as compared to square shape nanoparticles like brick and blade.
