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Non-renewable embodied energy was reduced by 25 26% compared to foil.
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The electrochemical behaviour of such platinum electrodes has been assessed and compared to a foil of platinum.
We show that compared to copper foil, graphene grown on these thick ultra-flat copper substrates by APCVD results in 50 times smoother graphene on copper.
Compared to Al foil, the FTO is a kind of semiconductors as transparent conducting oxide with higher resistivity, stable chemical performance, and strong acid and alkali resistance at room temperature.
Furthermore, the thermal conductivity of N-GNS/Cu could approach to 542.9 W/m K, leading to 163% increase of thermal conductivity compared to the copper foil.
Compared to the aluminum foil centered laminate, the metallized polymer centered laminates reduced impact to metal depletion by 71% for the MOPP laminate and 52% for the MPET laminate.
We also demonstrate an all-elastomeric-platformed piezoresistive strain sensor capable of measuring higher tensile strains compared to conventional metal foil gauges, with highly linear, good cyclic electrical performance, and mechanical robustness.
By comparison of the experimental image in Fig. 7 with the modeling data in Fig. 8 and assuming significant averaging due to the small lateral island size as compared to the HRTEM foil (∼15 nm), one may conclude that the actual CdSe composition of SML islands is at or higher than 40% and the adatom-induced "wetting layer" composition is 15 20% or lower.
Using these solutions it is possible to achieve mean strain errors of less than 5 με when comparing DIC to foil strain gage measurements, which suggests that the DIC technique has the potential to replace conventional strain gages.
The novel design allows to reduce springback error by 69% compared to classical bump foils and thus offers an equivalent yet more robust foil bearing design.
As compared to conventional metal-foil strain gauges, higher sensitivities have been observed in these novel sensors at least at a macro-scale [5 9].
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