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Compared to appropriately grown neonates, CpG methylation of the promoter regions of IGF1 was higher in SGA neonates.
Compared to appropriately grown neonates, there was a tendency for a lower placental IGF1 protein in SGA group (Fig. 3a).
IGFBP7 expression was higher in SGA group (p < 0.001) and not different in the LGA group, compared to appropriately grown neonates.
In the SGA group, all CpG sites at the IGF1 promoter were found to be about 1.5 times hypermethylated as compared to appropriately grown neonates (Fig. 4).
An additional perceived study limitation may be the number of families available for the heritability analyses, which was relatively small compared to appropriately powered twin studies.
*p < 0.01 for comparisons vs. appropriately grown neonates Compared to appropriately grown neonates, the placental mRNA expression of IGF1 was reduced in the SGA group but not in the LGA group (Fig. 1).
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Those triaged as moderate acuity by ESI on arrival but subsequently determined to be more appropriate for low-acuity triage level 4 or 5 (i.e., over-triaged) had a significantly lower prevalence of admission and critical outcomes as compared to those appropriately triaged to moderate acuity (χ2 = 1184.90 df = 1, p value < 0.001 and χ2 = 213.04, df = 1, p value < 0.001, respectively).
Similarly, patients who were under-triaged to low-acuity ESI levels (4 or 5) on arrival had a significantly increased prevalence of admission and critical outcomes as compared to patients appropriately triaged to the same ESI levels (χ2 = 1033.60, df = 1, p value < 0.001 and χ2 = 343.05, df = 1, p value < 0.001, respectively).
Similarly, patients who were over-triaged to high-acuity ESI levels (1 or 2) on arrival had a significantly lower prevalence of admission and critical outcomes as compared to patients appropriately triaged to the same ESI levels (χ2 = 588.49, df = 1, p value < 0.001 and χ2 = 126.57, df = 1, p value < 0.001, respectively).
Patients having a medication oversupply were compared to the appropriately-supplied patients.
We hypothesized that women with small-for-gestational-age (SGA) neonates would have lower concentrations of leptin compared to women with appropriately grown infants (AGA).
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