Due to the difference in comparators across the trials (infliximab-biosimilar is compared to infliximab in the PLANETAS study, while other biologicals are compared to placebo), traditional methods cannot be applied for the comparison.
Moreover, ICERs associated with celecoxib plus PPI remained lower than those of comparators across all treatment durations, making it the most cost-effective intervention for medium- and long-term use in elderly OA patients in Saudi Arabia (Tables 4, 5 and 6).
Another limitation in this analysis is the differences in the cardiovascular definitions and comparators across studies.
Likewise, for varenicline, bupropion and placebo were considered the direct comparators across all agencies, and PBAC included two trials, NICE included three, and CDR included eight.
In conclusion, organic crops, on average, have higher concentrations of antioxidants, lower concentrations of Cd and a lower incidence of pesticide residues than the non-organic comparators across regions and production seasons.
Health resource utilization reported by workers over the previous 6-month period and adjusted for covariates was significantly higher in the OA pain cohort than comparators across provider visit categories including use of non-traditional healthcare.
In most cases, NICE considered the largest number of comparators across each drug reviewed (up to six), with CDR predominantly limiting to one or two and PBAC falling in between.
The liraglutide effect and action in diabetes (LEAD) pivotal clinical trials and the 1860 liraglutide dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (LIRA-DPP-4) study have analyzed liraglutide against various active comparators across the treatment cascade [ 4– 11].
In the absence of head-to-head evaluations, we conducted indirect comparisons of the interventions versus similar comparators across similar patient groups using methods described by Bucher et al [ 12].
