Bacteria solve the problem of DNA compaction-organization by using a combination of supercoiling, chromosome-associated proteins, counterions, and excluded volume effects (Woldringh and Nanninga, 2006; Zimmerman, 2006).
Beyond DNA compaction, chromatin organization represents a means to regulate genome function.
In the nucleus, chromatin undergoes several levels of folding, compaction, and organization.
Neuronal chromatin undergoes dynamic changes in compaction and organization during post-natal neuronal maturation (38, 39), but little is known about chromatin changes to specific loci.
Moreover, it is also likely that domains can be passively maintained, at least for some time, in post-mitotic chromosomes, based only on the prior compaction and organization that was established during exit from the last cell cycle.
The interaction of histone N-terminal tails with DNA is critical to DNA compaction and organization and is dependent on the numerous positively charged lysine and arginine residues present; a mesoscopic model demonstrates that H4 tails are the most important in mediating internucleosomal interactions.
Zinc‐finger proteins most likely also influence epigenetic regulatory systems, such as the complex set of chemical histone and DNA modifications, which control chromatin compaction and nuclear organization.
Conversely, DNA compaction and chromatin organization pathways were down-regulated.
Alternatively, the telomeric DNA repeats are not organized as loops, and the condensin I complexes would allow their compaction in an undetermined organization.
Swelling ratios of crosslinked microthreads were significantly different from each other and uncrosslinked controls, suggesting a difference in the internal organization and compaction of the microthreads.
