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In terrestrial communities, plants convert atmospheric carbon dioxide to carbon-based compounds through photosynthesis (see above The photosynthetic process).
In aquatic communities, plants use dissolved carbon in the form of carbonates or carbon dioxide as the source of carbon for photosynthesis.
For example, one study found that "in soils with experimentally simplified microbial communities, plants were smaller, had reduced chlorophyll content, produced fewer flowers, and were less fecund than plant populations grown in association with more complex soil microbial communities" (Lau and Lennon, 2011).
Since potential pathogenic organisms are widespread in plant communities, plants require a fine-tuned and variable defense system.
Some studies have used the diversity and structure of communities (plants and/or animals) to demonstrate the effect of exposure to a certain pollutant such as pest-control substances, metals, herbicides, chemical wastes, residual water discharge, to name a few [ 32, 36– 41].
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And in India, the Araku project has seen local communities plant millions of fruit trees and coffee bushes.
They build things, create and sustain communities, plant virtual peas that need to be watered.
Settlement outside the Salt Lake Valley began as early as 1848, with a number of communities planted in the Weber valley to the north.
Pervasive indigenous poverty is often exacerbated by insecure and inadequate land tenure arrangements for indigenous families and communities (Plant, 1998).
Second, to determine whether AC effects required living microbial communities, plant growth in live and sterilized AC-treated soils was compared in a greenhouse experiment.
A community plants mangroves in the Republic of Kiribati, attempting to curb the force of storm surges and sea rise.
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