Sentence examples for communicative language ability from inspiring English sources

Models of communicative competence in a second language invoked in defining the construct of widely used tests of communicative language ability have drawn largely on the work of language specialists.

This definition takes a use-oriented approach based on Bachman's (1990) communicative language ability (CLA) model.

Bachman (1990) describes "communicative language ability" (p. 84) in terms of language competence, strategic competence and psychophysiological mechanisms.

Later on, Bachman and Palmer (1996) considered communicative language ability as the main contributor to language performance.

According to Bachman (1990) four main factors influence language test performance: test method facet; personal attributes; random factors; and communicative language ability.

The qualitative content analysis of the two tests was conducted by expert judges who used the communicative language ability instrument developed for the study.

The study used the framework to conduct a systematic procedure to analyze test content the linguistic characteristics, test format characteristics, and the communicative language abilities that were tested in the test items, tasks, and prompts.

Thus, it emphasizes measuring a communicative aspect of language ability.

Bachman and Palmer's (1996, 2010) model of language ability (described below) is the most widely-recognized communicative model in language assessment.

Even though another half assumes their foundations with communicative competence and language development theories, the ground is still on general language ability theories applicable for all the skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing.

Along with the CEFR, the aim of the CECR is to cultivate learners' communicative language competence, with vocabulary knowledge considered key to language comprehension and communicative ability (Stæhr 2008).