Inquiry is defined as the coordination of asking questions, using evidence to respond to these questions, formulating explanations based on empirical evidence, and communicating explanations and justifications for domain understanding (NRC 2000).
With the term scientific practices, we refer to the processes that take place during scientific discoveries and include among others: asking questions, developing and using models, engaging in arguments, and constructing and communicating explanations (National Research Council 2012).
With this notion, science inquiry teaching and learning has five essential features - engaging in scientifically orientated questions, giving priority to evidence in responding to questions, formulating explanations from evidence, connecting explanation to scientific knowledge, and communicating and justifying explanations.
Thus, while knowledge increase and alternative conception decrease were notable outcomes of our intervention, and many others in the literature, teachers' abilities to communicate robust explanations of evolutionary change were modest.
Yet for this woman, neither her own diagnosis of mitochondrial disease nor the child's potential diagnosis (the daughter is at risk due to the nature of maternal inheritance) was used as a resource to explain the signs of illness or to communicate potential explanations to hospital staff.
ACORNS (and ACORNS-like) items are also useful for high school and undergraduate educators because they allow students to practice building scientific explanations, communicating their ideas through writing, and documenting their understanding of the core idea of natural selection (Demastes et al. [1995]).
From an instructive perspective, PBL emphasises the importance of understanding not only content but also disciplinary epistemologies and investigative strategies through collaborative problem solving and sense making, reflecting on experiences, developing evidence-based explanations, communicating ideas, enhancing discipline-specific reasoning skills and engaging in self-directed inquiry [ 20].
These processes are "Ask a question about objects, organisms, and events in the environment; plan and conduct a simple investigation; employ simple equipment and tools to gather data and extend the senses; use data to construct a reasonable explanation; and communicate investigations and explanations" (NRC 1996, p. 122).
While faculty had no choice in the matter, School leadership communicated detailed explanation about its rationale, including the process that led to the new PHS regulations and the implications of non-compliance (e.g., loss of PHS grant funding).
Discussing patient's views will enable a clinician to appreciate the patient's response to illness,, to develop an empathic relationship and to communicate his explanation and recommendations for treatment more effectively.
Process management involves the iterative processes of designing an investigation, collecting data, constructing and revising explanations based on data, evaluating explanations, and communicating arguments.
