Sentence examples for common maternal effects from inspiring English sources

We found no common maternal effects for BMS.

In general, both common maternal effects and epigenetic effects could theoretically cause changes in fitness that parallel local adaptation (Wendel and Wessler 2000), although to our knowledge this is not well-studied.

Of these parents, 156 sires and 178 dams were represented with two full-sib offspring groups, a structure that facilitates proper separation of common (non-additive) family effects, e.g., effects due to common rearing, maternal effects and potential dominance genetic effects.

The design is unique as it negates potential re-ranking of families caused by an interaction between common maternal environmental effects and growing environment.

We found a non-significant (σ c 2 / σ P 2 = 0.07 ) common maternal environment effect for body weight.

In a cross-fostering study in great tits, the carotenoid-based coloration of nestlings was also related to common origin, but maternal effects could not be accounted for in that study either [22].

Further, imprinting effects might be confounded with common litter or maternal effects (Wolf and Cheverud 2012; Tier and Meyer 2004).

However, it is difficult to estimate non-additive variance because it is often, at least partially, confounded with other effects such as common environment or maternal effects.

It is true that the full-sib designs used in this study could have resulted in inflated heritability estimates because additive genetic variance cannot be clearly separated from the other variance components related to nonadditive, common environment, or maternal effects (Falconer and Mackay 1996; Merilä et al. 2001; Perry et al. 2004).

Non-genetic maternal effects (common litter effects) were not significant for BMS, and thus were not included in the models.

Third, maternal effects are common in early life history traits of salmonids (Einum and Fleming 1999; Heath et al. 1999; Perry et al. 2005).