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Despite the long commercialization period, the industry involved in Al, Cu, Zn, Sn, Ti, and Fe powder manufacturing remains optimistic about large volume use of cold spray powders in automotive and industrial product applications.
Particularly, the first-stage investment game may result in a second-period commercialization period with the following possible results: symmetric but lower costs for both firms (both invested), asymmetric production costs (one firm invested) and the same the existing state of affairs costs of the existing technology (neither invested in the new technology; Huang and Behara 2013).
We suppose that a firm's payoff is directly the present value of its profit stream, (s_{i} (q_{i},q_{j} ).) To solve the game, we first get the equilibrium quantities and payoffs for the commercialization period by cost and demand boundaries from an optimization process.
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The main problem for mussel production is the accumulation of toxins coming from microalgae blooms, which have even increased in recent years determining the banning of commercialization for long periods.
Rather, it emerged from the historically specific conditions of 19th century industrial capitalism, shaped by the period's increased commercialization, complex production machinery, and division of labor - in this case the rise of specialized roles for reporters, writers, editors, and other news workers.
Health is back on the political agenda and the health debate at this point in time is fundamentally about the definition of the common good and the role of the state, the market, and the community in a period of globalization, commercialization and individualization.
Bt cotton and DDT are similar in many ways with respect to resistance evolution (recessive inheritance of resistance, widespread adoption following commercialization, toxicity maintained for extended periods), but are different in other ways, including the much broader spectrum of insects killed by DDT and the lack of a refuge strategy for managing resistance to DDT.
The traditional negative attitudes toward commercialization disappeared over a fairly short period of time.
It made a hefty £202 million during the period 2000-2001 through its commercialization arm, Imperial College Innovations Ltd.
However, large barriers currently prevent commercialization of these new instruments, including the lengthy period required for clinical trials.
Photocatalytic efficiency has been improved during this period but is not sufficient for industrial commercialization.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com