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For a NDA, the R&D phase can best be presented as a 6-fold compound option on the commercialisation phase.
The paper also focuses on those technologies which, in terms of cost, cleanliness, reliability and availability, have the potential to compete with conventional energy conversion systems and to reach commercialisation phase before 2015.
The second phase, referring to the commercialisation phase, is concerned with the market-oriented and appropriation sequences.
In such cases, some companies also asked stakeholder opinions in the late (commercialisation) phase, as an 'extra check' that can have an impact on the market launch.
Hence, we assumed that the sequences through which ideas are generated, evaluated and developed (invention phase) respond to different logics and involve different capabilities than market-oriented sequences of commercialisation of ideas and appropriation of the value generated (commercialisation phase).
Stakeholder engagement was not continuous, as it mostly took place at strategic level and early R&D phase (idea generation), and sometimes as an 'extra-check' in the late (commercialisation) phase.
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It is a series of consecutive phases from R&D to commercialisation, where each phase is in fact an option on executing the following phase, i.e. a compound option.
Finally, in the institutionalised phase, commercialisation of science self-replicates is already accepted by the majority of actors and is protected against its antagonists.
We hope that the assumption put forward in this article would encourage further research into the management of innovation as a decomposable process made up with distinctive sequences, each referring to specific phases of generation, evaluation, development, commercialisation and appropriation of information and knowledge-based opportunities.
"Myspace went for aggressive commercialisation at a very early stage.
The first phase was confrontation, the second collaboration and the third commercialisation, which is the phase that will get us all out there.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com