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Calcium ions (Ca2+) forms an important component of a number of commercial bone substitutes and support materials.
Many commercial bone graft substitutes (BGS) and experimental bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been developed for bone repair and regeneration.
To test this theory, small amounts (0 10 wt%) of MWCNTs were added to methyl methacrylate styrene copolymer (MMA-co-Sty), a chief component of commercial bone cement.
The drug release of lactose formulations was up to four-fold greater (13%) than the commercial bone cement CMW1® Gentamicin one (3%).
In 2009, Park et al. [25] compared a new bone graft substitute (N-HA) derived from a hen eggshell alone or in combination with calcium sulfate (CS) with a commercial bone substitute, anorganic bovine bone (Bio-Oss).
Experimental results of kinetics, isotherms and breakthrough curves of fluoride adsorption on two commercial bone chars have been used for analyzing the capabilities and limitations of this hybrid ANN model.
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Her memoir, "Shoot the Widow" (Knopf; $25.95), is candid about the commercial bones of the enterprise.
In medicine, TTCP is widely used for preparation of various self-setting CaPO4 formulations (Dorozhkin 2013b; Moseke and Gbureck 2010); however, to the best of my knowledge, there is no commercial bone-substituting product consisting solely of TTCP.
Axial mechanical pull-out test was performed on the expandable, conventional and augmented pedicle screws placed in a commercial synthetic bone block which mimicked a human bone with severe osteoporosis.
In fact, most commercial acrylic bone cements have an elastic modulus in the range of 1700 3700 MPa [ 9, 10], while the elastic modulus of vertebral trabecular bone is typically in the range of 10 750 MPa [ 11– 13], encompassing osteoporotic to healthy bone.
High-performance computing systems can be pretty bare bones; commercial clouds may offer better top-layer interfaces.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com