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The combustion factor applied in this work was 0.80 [12].
The 'bottom up' method [37] uses the area affected by fire, the fuel loading per unit area, the proportion of biomass consumed as a result of fire (combustion factor) and the emission factor.
Cf = combustion factor, dimensionless.
The combustion factor applied in this work was 0.80 [ 12].
The RO combustion factor, which did not have any significant association with HR, appears to have had the effect of increasing RMSSD by 6.2% during the afternoons after the exposure but not at the other intervals.
The 'bottom up' method [ 37] uses the area affected by fire, the fuel loading per unit area, the proportion of biomass consumed as a result of fire (combustion factor) and the emission factor.
Similar(53)
In addition, the effect of injection timing on combustion factors such as the start of combustion, its duration and its heat release rate was also investigated.
Significant associations were found between mortality and the traffic and coal combustion factors, with the largest effect size for the traffic factor.
Each of five mortality scenarios had an associated set of combustion factors that were applied to pre-fire surface carbon pools (fine woody debris, coarse woody debris, litter and duff) to differentiate between the impact of less and more severe wildfire on stand carbon storage (see Additional file 1 for rates).
A later option was to re-install the double Kylchap chimney and German smoke deflectors that it carried at the end of its career in the 1960s, which encouraged more complete combustion, a factor in dealing with smoke pollution and fires caused by spark throwing.
This is due to the relatively low combustion emissions factor for natural gas.
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