In the 1990s, Gerry Mackie, an American social scientist, and Tostan, an NGO based in Senegal, converged upon an approach that combined public deliberation, community empowerment and coordinated action to bring about the end of female genital cutting.
The software developments used in the hybrid architectures in which reaction and deliberation are combined and coordinated have accomplished, at the present time more efficient architectures, though the solutions provided are ad-hoc.
Then, individual work was used as a stepping stone for deliberations and combined group works with several feedback loops.
By combining improvisation and deliberation so seamlessly, Marden makes one wonder why those activities were ever seen as mutually exclusive.
Ms. Kusaka approaches her medium with a Process artist's deliberation, combining and recombining abstract motifs, marking techniques, pale glazes, clay bodies and vessel shapes with a consistent sparseness.
The uneasiness of the atmosphere was reflected in the local newspapers, which combined reports on Togo's deliberations as to whether to play on in the tournament and photographs of a clearly distraught Emmanuel Adebayor, with pictures of Didier Drogba, Michael Essien and Manucho under the headline: "The stars of the ball have arrived".
When inclusive deliberation and majority rule are combined, they beat less inclusive methods, in which one person or a small group decide.
Quiet and deliberation were Chardin's essential ingredients, combined with a perfect mastery of abstract form.
All these considerations led to the diffusion of participative procedures to establish environmental policies, which usually consist of a deliberation arena to involve citizens and stakeholders, combined with a structuring technique (usually a simplified multi-criteria) to achieve two equally important goals: easing mutual understanding and reaching final recommendations [8].
Combined with a loss in London's mayoral race, it would almost certainly prompt deliberations over the future of his leadership.
Its definitional vagueness, combined with its rhetorical appeal, may be used to justify actions without the need for rational deliberation.
