Sentence examples for combination of offspring from inspiring English sources
FBAT tests for association and linkage in pedigrees, using the general test statistic Z [54], which is based on a linear combination of offspring genotypes and traits.
The group of first -degree relatives was categorised as a "mixed" group in 2 studies [ 14, 24] as they included a combination of offspring, siblings and/or parents.
In state consistency errors (SCEs), the genotype of each child is consistent with both parents but the combination of offspring genotypes is inconsistent with the prevailing inheritance state around that locus, as determined from neighboring sites.
Equation (11) would then become The hope is that the population stratification can be accounted for by offspring genotype alone, rather than by a combination of offspring and parental genotypes.
The test statistic is based on a linear combination of offspring genotypes and traits, called S. Here, phenotypes were specified exclusively for affected persons (trait score 1), while unaffected and unknown persons were included only to contribute genotype information (trait score 0).
To model maternal selection, we must parameterize each combination of offspring-mother genotypes (Cheverud and Wolf 2009; Wolf and Wade 2009; Wolf and Cheverud 2012), say an A iA j offspring with an A kA l mother, where i = k or l, or j = k or l, or both) by a fitness parameter, w ijkl.
Therefore, the statistical model was where Response is the particular response variable (e.g. shoot size); D&P is the fixed effect representing the different combinations of offspring and parental drought treatments; Sib-family is a random effect; Flat(D&P) is flat nested within the whole-flat factor of D&P; and seedling size controlled for developmental differences.
Women with missing or improbable combinations of the offspring's sex, gestational age or birth weight in their first delivery were excluded from the analyses (n=48 030).
As a consequence, karyotype will play an important role for the effect of these two different processes on the combination of QTLs in offspring.
The combination of the increased offspring and the changing density-dependent mortality as the population is reduced and then attempts to rebound toward equilibrium slows the growth rate of the total population and allows for introgression of the AP genes as AP females dominate the mating population of females.
In males, all traits were generally shaped by the specific combination of haplotypes that the offspring inherit from their parents in interaction with the environment; whereas in females, all traits were influenced by the sire effect only in interaction with the environment.
