Sentence examples for combination of confounders from inspiring English sources

The significantly lower risk of reinfarction seen after discontinuation of vaginal oestrogen might be due to unmeasured confounding even though such a confounder or combination of confounders would have to be highly prevalent and carry a great risk.

Existence of such confounders or combination of confounders is unlikely, but not impossible, since we had no information on other important risk factors such as lipid levels, body mass index, or smoking.

Although most sensitivity analyses account for a single unmeasured confounder it is feasible that a combination of confounders taken together in a statistical model may have a similar distribution as the single confounder and would have the same effect.

Existence of such a confounder or combination of confounders is unlikely, but not impossible, as we had no information on other risk factors such as smoking, lipid concentrations, or body mass index.

A confounder or combination of confounders that could decrease the risk of reinfarction from 1.00 to 0.54 for discontinuation in the first year after myocardial infarction would have to increase the risk fivefold (fig 3) and thereby exceed the effects of any measured confounder in the study, such as diabetes or age 80 or over.

This may involve finding the right combination of confounders to adjust for when estimating the association between an exposure variable and the disease outcome, obtaining a parsimonious set of prognostic variables in the construction of a screening instrument or predictive tool, or simply determining independent predictors for a clinical outcome in order to guide future research hypotheses.

These violations include such acts as choosing different forms of background effects, selecting various combinations of confounders, selecting alternate exposure metrics, or choosing different lags for exposure variables.

Of relevance to the area of confounding is a recent publication by Mink et al. (2004) in which the effects of different combinations of confounders on multivariate analyses of neurobehavior and neurotoxic exposure were studied.

The effect of a potential unmeasured confounder was tested on the main outcome within the 90 day risk period, by assuming a wide range of combinations of confounder prevalence in the user group and strengths of the association between the confounder and infections (see supplementary etable 6).

The combination of both confounders increases this effect significantly.

FLP and FTP predictors that were based on combination of these confounders and that were found by our approach had much higher error rates than the predictors that were based only on gene expression (FLP error rate > 0.63, FTP error rate > 0.74; for all the predictors that were based on the above mentioned confounders).