Exact(3)
Synergy in a combination is due to not purely additive interaction between the biological functions of the component compounds.
Since angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) like valsartan have been used as first-line treatment for heart failure, and have shown significant benefit in clinical trials, it's reasonable to wonder how much of the benefit of the combination is due to the valsartan.
Because our in vivo results show that the combination induces strong CD8+ T-cell responses (Supporting Information Fig. 1A and B), and the antitumor effect of the combination is lost in the RAG2 KO mice (Supporting Information Fig. 4B), which lacks CD8+ T cells, we concluded that the antitumor effect of our combination is due to the induction of robust CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell activation.
Similar(57)
As apoptosis has been reported as a primary mechanism of action for BSO and L-PAM, we determined if enhanced cytotoxicity from the combination was due to increased apoptosis by assessing loss of mitochondrial membrane potential.
The antiproliferative effects of these agents alone and in combination are due to DNA damage-induced modulation of cell cycle regulatory proteins including p21WAF1/CIP1 resulting in G2/M cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway.
These observations support the hypothesis that the relative attraction of musical tone combinations is due, at least in part, to the biological advantages that accrue from recognizing and responding to conspecific vocal stimuli.
Simulated maturity at days of the year > 300, which occurred in a few year region combinations, was due to simulation termination rather than achievement of maturity.
The precipitation observed in incompatible combinations was due to either a change in pH, or with ketamine the presence of benzethonium chloride.
At the outset of this paper, we proposed that much of the confusion in the literature on the aesthetics of color combinations was due to confusion among three distinct types of judgments: pair preference, pair harmony, and figural preference on different colored backgrounds.
We demonstrate that the cytotoxic effect of this combination treatment is due to apoptotic cell death involving not only caspase-9 activation but also activation of caspase-8, caspase-10 and Bid, which are normally associated with the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis.
It is likely that the late monophasic fall in haematocrit (Pattern 3) following artemisinin-based combination treatments, is due to the late destruction of red blood cells from which parasites have been removed in the spleen by pitting-the parasite-negative-red cell surface antigen positive red cells [ 40].
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