To address this gap in knowledge, a comprehensive study was carried out to investigate the influence of off-axis build direction in thin SLM Ti-6Al-4V plates, with a focus on the influence of columnar grain orientation on the fatigue crack growth behaviour.
The cross-section of TEM results showed that the higher c-axis orientation columnar structure formed as the film thickness increased, and the structure transforms from wurtzite to cubical structure from the nano-beam diffraction analysis.
We use this simplification in the following to highlight the role of columnar interaction for orientation selectivity.
Nearly all units were orientation-selective, and there was a columnar organization for preferred orientation.
The columnar grains reveal inner orientation gradients along their longitudinal axis.
The Fe Ga thin films showed a disordered body-cantered cubic phase (A2) with (1 1 0) preferred orientation and columnar microstructure, with a drastic change from pyramidal to granular surface morphology revealed raising the deposition potential.
Defects such as voids and unmelted Nb particles, as well grains with random orientation or columnar grains with {100} fiber texture in the as-fabricated Ti 37Nb 6Sn alloy can be modulated by varying the solidification rate and aging effects during the deposition process.
In particular, the rotational glancing angle deposition (GLAD) has been demonstrated to be one powerful nanostructuring technique for the fabrication of columnar nanostructures in an orientation- and structure-controllable, material-independent fashion [2 6].
The folding is formed by a thick stratum of columnar cells; the prevalent orientation of the long axes of their nuclei is perpendicular to the basement membrane (Figs. 5b and 8a).
Three-dimensional reconstructions of the rat midbrain tectum illustrate the position, dimensions, columnar shape, and longitudinal orientation of the TLCd, as well as its relationship with the TLCv (Fig. 1d, e).
